Flags Atlas — Index

Family research · World flags atlas

Flags Atlas

Every country and hub in the atlas so far, in one place. Search by name, region, crown, or empire to see who ruled where, and jump straight to the flag timeline.

All countries

The hubs

Phase 1–2 · 10 lineages tracked · 9 centuries Former Yugoslavia Croatia, Slovenia, Serbia, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia, plus Bulgaria, Albania, and Greece completing the Balkan picture — a real traced map with a time slider across nine eras, c. 1200–present. Phase 3 · 10 lineages tracked · 4 centuries Habsburg Lands Austria, Hungary, Czechia, Slovakia, Italy, Romania, Poland — plus Slovenia, Croatia, and Serbia crossing over from the Yugoslavia hub — c. 1541–present. Phase 4 · 2 lineages tracked · 6 eras German Lands Germany traced as its own real east-west split, plus Austria crossing over from the Habsburg hub — c. 1815–present. Phase 6 · 5 lineages tracked · 8 eras British Isles England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, and Ireland — nine centuries of union, conquest, and partition, from fragmented medieval kingdoms to the 1707 and 1801 unions to the 1922 split of Ireland. Phase 6 · 2 lineages tracked · 9 eras Iberia Spain and Portugal — the Reconquista's slow reversal of Al-Andalus, the 1580–1640 Iberian Union, and each country's own 20th-century path through republic, civil war, and dictatorship. Phase 6 · 3 lineages tracked · 11 eras Low Countries Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg — one Burgundian bloc that splits at the 1581 Dutch Revolt, reunites twice (1795, 1815), then splits for good in 1830 and 1890 — c. 1450–present. Phase 6 · 5 lineages tracked · 11 eras Scandinavia Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland, and Iceland — all five briefly united by the 1397 Kalmar Union, then splitting apart in five separate stages: 1523, 1809, 1814, 1905, 1917, and 1944 — c. 900–present, with Iceland's true North Atlantic isolation preserved on the map. Phase 6 · 3 lineages tracked · 11 eras Baltic States Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia — centuries of genuinely separate medieval fates (crusader Terra Mariana vs. free Lithuania) collapsing into a remarkably synchronized 20th century: independence (1918), Soviet annexation (1940), Nazi occupation (1941), Soviet reoccupation (1944/45), and restoration (1991), all four flips shared by all three at once. Phase 6 · 3 lineages tracked · 10 eras Eastern Europe Ukraine, Belarus, and Moldova — a common medieval ancestor in Kievan Rus', then a thousand years pulled apart by Lithuania, Poland, the Ottomans, Russia, and the Soviet Union before landing on three separate flags in 1991. Phase 7 · 3 lineages tracked · 9 eras Caucasus Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan — independent medieval kingdoms caught between the Ottoman and Safavid empires, absorbed by Russia in stages, briefly free in 1918, and Soviet from 1921 until 1991. Phase 7 · 4 lineages tracked · 8 eras Levant Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and Israel — Umayyad Damascus, Crusader kingdoms, four centuries of Ottoman rule, the Sykes-Picot mandates, and the 1948 arrival of four separate modern states. Phase 7 · 7 lineages tracked · 9 eras Arabian Peninsula Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, UAE, Qatar, Bahrain, and Kuwait — centuries of tribal fragmentation, the rise of the Saudi state, British-protected Gulf sheikhdoms, and Yemen's own split-and-reunite story. Phase 21 · 3 lineages tracked · placeholder hub Persia, Mesopotamia & Anatolia Iran, Iraq, and Turkey — Achaemenid Persia, Mesopotamian Sumer and Babylon, and Byzantine Constantinople, through Islamic empires, the Ottomans, and each country's own 20th-century founding. Phase 8 · 6 lineages tracked · 9 eras Maghreb & Nile Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, and Sudan — a shared conquest in the 600s–700s, an Ottoman wave that reached five of the six but never Morocco, staggered colonization, and independence spread from 1951 to 1962. Phase 9 · 7 lineages tracked · 9 eras Central America Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama — a Maya-and-Chibchan pre-Columbian split, one Spanish captaincy, a real federal union that formed and broke apart in under two decades, and Panama and Belize's own separate tracks. Phase 10 · 13 countries, 7 mapped · 9 eras Caribbean Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, the Bahamas, Trinidad and Tobago, and Barbados — a real traced archipelago map where only Haiti and the Dominican Republic ever shared land, Haiti's 1804 revolution, its 1822–44 unification of Hispaniola, and the 1962–73 wave of British Caribbean independence — plus six more Eastern Caribbean ministates: Antigua & Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent & the Grenadines. Phase 11 · 16 countries · placeholder hub West Africa Nigeria, Ghana, Senegal, Mali, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea, Burkina Faso, Niger, Benin, Togo, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea-Bissau, the Gambia, Mauritania, and Cape Verde — the Mali, Songhai, Asante, and Benin empires, French and British colonization, and a wave of 1957–75 independence. Country pages and the interactive map are planned for a later phase. Phase 13 · 14 countries · placeholder hub Central & Southern Africa DR Congo, Congo, Cameroon, Gabon, Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Mozambique, Malawi, Lesotho, and Eswatini — the Kongo, Great Zimbabwe, and Zulu kingdoms, Leopold II's brutal Congo Free State, Portuguese and British colonization, and South Africa's apartheid era (1948–1994). Country pages and the interactive map are planned for a later phase. Phase 15 · 12 countries · placeholder hub South America Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, Guyana, and Suriname — the Inca Empire, Spanish and Portuguese conquest, and Bolívar and San Martín's independence wars. Country pages and the interactive map are planned for a later phase. Phase 12 · 11 countries · placeholder hub East Africa Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Somalia, Eritrea, Djibouti, South Sudan, and Madagascar — Ethiopia's unbroken statehood as Africa's oldest continuously independent country, the Swahili coast's Indian Ocean trading civilization, the 1880s–1900s Scramble for Africa, and independence waves from the early 1960s through Eritrea (1993) and South Sudan (2011). Country pages and the interactive map are planned for a later phase. Phase 14 · 14 countries · placeholder hub Pacific & Oceania Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Samoa, Tonga, Vanuatu, Solomon Islands, Kiribati, Tuvalu, Nauru, Palau, Marshall Islands, and Micronesia — millennia of Austronesian and Polynesian ocean navigation, Cook and Tasman's voyages, British colonization of Australia and New Zealand's 1840 Treaty of Waitangi, and a wave of 1960s–80s independence. Country pages and the interactive map are planned for a later phase. Phase 16 · 8 countries · placeholder hub South Asia India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Maldives, and Afghanistan — the Indus Valley Civilization, the Maurya and Mughal empires, the British Raj, the 1947 Partition, and Bangladesh's 1971 war of independence. Country pages and the interactive map are planned for a later phase. Phase 17 · 11 countries · placeholder hub Southeast Asia Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand, Myanmar, Malaysia, Singapore, Cambodia, Laos, Brunei, and Timor-Leste — the Khmer and Majapahit empires, Indian and Chinese trade-route influence, Dutch, Spanish/American, French, and British colonization, Thailand's unique never-colonized status, and independence from the late 1940s through Timor-Leste's 2002 milestone. Country pages and the interactive map are planned for a later phase. Phase 18 · 6 countries · placeholder hub East Asia China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan — millennia of Chinese dynastic rule, Korea's ancient statehood through Goguryeo, Silla, Goryeo, and Joseon, Japan's imperial continuity and Meiji modernization, Genghis Khan's Mongol Empire, the Chinese Civil War, Japanese colonization, and the postwar division of Korea. Country pages and the interactive map are planned for a later phase. Phase 19 · 3 countries · placeholder hub North America United States, Canada, and Mexico — the Haudenosaunee Confederacy, the Maya civilization, and the Aztec (Mexica) Empire's Tenochtitlan, Spanish, British, and French colonization, the US founding alongside slavery and the Civil War, Canada's gradual path to sovereignty, and Mexican independence, the Mexican-American War, and the Mexican Revolution. Country pages and the interactive map are planned for a later phase. Phase 20 · 5 countries · placeholder hub Europe's Microstates Vatican City, San Marino, Monaco, Liechtenstein, and Andorra — the world's smallest sovereign state, the oldest surviving republic (founded 301 CE), the Grimaldi dynasty's rule since 1297, the last territorial remnant of the Holy Roman Empire's princely patchwork, and a real 1278 co-principality treaty still in force. Country pages are planned for a later phase. Phase 26 · 3 countries · placeholder hub Europe's Independents Switzerland, Cyprus, and Malta — the 1291 Rütli Oath and Swiss neutrality guaranteed in 1815, the Frankish Lusignan kingdom and Ottoman conquest of Cyprus, and Malta's rule by the Knights Hospitaller and its WWII George Cross. Country pages and the interactive map are planned for a later phase. Phase 22 · 5 countries · placeholder hub Central Asia Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan — the Silk Road's Samarkand and Bukhara, Genghis Khan's Mongol conquest, Timur's empire, the 19th-century Great Game, Russian and Soviet rule, and independence in 1991. Country pages and the interactive map are planned for a later phase. Phase 23 · 7 countries · placeholder hub Central Africa & the Indian Ocean Central African Republic, Chad, São Tomé & Príncipe, Equatorial Guinea, Comoros, Seychelles, and Mauritius — a deliberate grab-bag grouped for atlas-coverage completeness: the Bokassa dictatorship, Chad's long civil-conflict history, early sugar-plantation colonies built on enslaved labor, sub-Saharan Africa's only Spanish colony, and Indian Ocean islands settled as plantation economies. Country pages and the interactive map are planned for a later phase. Phase 24 · 27 member states · voluntary institutional membership European Union Not a sovereignty hub like the others — the EU is voluntary institutional membership layered on top of fully self-governing countries. From the 1951 Coal and Steel Community through the 1993 Maastricht Treaty and six enlargement waves, 24 of the 27 current members already link to their own flag-timeline pages elsewhere in this atlas. Phase 25 · 29 member states · voluntary institutional membership The Schengen Area A different club again from the EU — the passport-free travel zone born on a boat at the Luxembourg town of Schengen in 1985, live from 1995. Norway, Iceland, Switzerland, and Liechtenstein belong without being EU members, while EU members Ireland and Cyprus stay outside it. 25 of the 29 current members already link to their own flag-timeline pages elsewhere in this atlas. Phase 27 · 30 member states · voluntary institutional membership European Economic Area A fourth overlapping club — the EU's own single market extended, via the 1992 EEA Agreement in force since 1994, to Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway, three EFTA countries that wanted the four freedoms without full EU membership. Switzerland, the one EFTA member that voted against joining, stays out. 26 of the 30 current members already link to their own flag-timeline pages elsewhere in this atlas. Phase 28 · 5 states · full flag timelines Vanished States Not a region — a different kind of hub entirely. Five real, internationally recognized sovereign states with no surviving successor today: the Kingdom of Hawaii, the Ryukyu Kingdom, the Kingdom of Sikkim, Tannu Tuva, and the Dominion of Newfoundland, each completely absorbed by a larger power. All five have full flag-by-flag pages, same depth as any country in this atlas. Phase 29 · 8 empires tracked · full flag timelines Empires Another different kind of hub — not modern countries grouped by geography, but eight major transnational empires (Ancient Egypt, Rome, Persia, the Ottomans, the Mongols, the Mughals, Britain, and Spain) that each spanned dozens of today's countries, told here as their own coherent stories instead of scattered mentions across other pages, with cross-links to the modern countries that continue their history.

How this index works

Each card below is one country. A Country badge means a full paint-ready flag timeline exists, newest flag first, with an internal-regions map of that country's own historically distinct areas. A Hub badge means the country appears as a real, colored region in a hub's cross-country map and timeline, but doesn't have its own dedicated flag-by-flag page yet — the card links to that hub instead.

The crown/empire tags under each card are the powers that controlled that country for some real stretch of its history, drawn from the hub maps' own era data — not exhaustive, but accurate to what's actually been built so far. They're searchable too: try typing "Ottoman" or "Habsburg" into the box above.