Hawaii — Kingdom, Republic, Territory and State
Honolulu, Hilo, Lahaina, Kauai, Maui, Molokai. Which empire held this ground in which years — and, the part that matters, which archive that means.
Whose archive this ground was
| Years | Who held it | Whose archive that means |
|---|---|---|
| 1795–1840 | Kingdom of Hawaii — absolute monarchy | FamilySearch Kamehameha I established the kingdom in 1795 and Kauai and Niihau joined in 1810, so the unification is dated 1795 or 1810 depending on the source. The monarchy was absolute until the constitution of 1840. |
| 1840–1893 | Kingdom of Hawaii — constitutional monarchy | FamilySearch The Great Mahele of 1848 divided the land; each claim was either awarded a Land Commission Award or not, and the awards often name parents, siblings and spouses. The Hawaii State Archives holds marriage records from 1826 and birth and death records from 1853, which are incomplete before 1896. |
| 1893–1898 | Overthrow of the monarchy and the Republic of Hawaii | FamilySearch The monarchy was overthrown on January 17, 1893 by the Committee of Safety, backed by U.S. forces. The Republic of Hawaii was established in 1894 and lasted until 1898. |
| 1898–1959 | Annexation and Territory of Hawaii | FamilySearch · National Archives Catalog (NARA) · Chronicling America The Newlands Resolution was signed on July 7, 1898 and annexation took effect on August 12, 1898. The Hawaiian Organic Act of April 30, 1900 organised the Territory, and martial law was in force from 1941 to 1944. |
| 1959–2026 | United States — State of Hawaii | FamilySearch · National Archives Catalog (NARA) · Chronicling America Hawaii was admitted as the 50th state on August 21, 1959. |
The rings are approximate — deliberately. They exist to shade which filing system a place fell under, not to adjudicate a border. A place near a ring's edge should be checked against both neighbours.
See the whole span, 1795–2026, on the map →
The map takes a range, and a range that crosses one of the rows above is where records get lost: the family never moved, and the archive on the far side of the handover will tell you it holds nothing.
3 places on this ground
1742 FamilySearch collections reach this ground
Ranked with the regional ones first — a collection for a province is usually a better lead than a national index, though the national index is often where a name is actually written down. A free account opens the images.
- New York, Land Records, 1630-1975 ↗ 1630–1975 65,562,377 records regional
- New York, New York Passenger and Crew Lists, 1909, 1925-1958 ↗ 1909–1958 28,826,162 records regional
- Massachusetts, Suffolk, Boston Tax Records, 1822-1918 ↗ 1822–1918 28,651,792 records regional
- California, Birth Index, 1905-1995 ↗ 1905–1995 24,589,369 records regional
- New York, Passenger Arrival Lists (Ellis Island), 1892-1925 ↗ 1892–1925 24,541,092 records regional
- Texas, Birth Index, 1903-1997 ↗ 1903–1997 17,102,108 records regional
- New York, Book Indexes to Passenger Lists, 1906-1942 ↗ 1906–1942 15,223,402 records regional
- New York, Passenger Lists, 1820-1920 ↗ 1820–1920 13,475,967 records regional
- Massachusetts, State Vital Records, 1638-1927 ↗ 1638–1927 11,820,050 records regional
- Florida, Marriage Index, 1822-1875 and 1927-2001 ↗ 1822–2001 11,718,360 records regional
- New York, State Census, 1925 ↗ 1925–1925 11,117,922 records regional
- Oklahoma, School Records, 1895-1992 ↗ 1895–1992 10,172,528 records regional
- Kentucky, Vital Record Indexes, 1911-1999 ↗ 1911–1999 9,865,926 records regional
- New York, State Census, 1915 ↗ 1915–1915 9,742,867 records regional
- California, Death Index, 1940-1997 ↗ 1940–1997 9,366,541 records regional
- Michigan, Obituaries, 1820-2006 ↗ 1820–2006 8,912,502 records regional
- North Carolina, County Marriages, 1762-2011 ↗ 1762–2011 7,908,591 records regional
- North Carolina, Department of Archives and History, Index to Vital Records, 1800-2000 ↗ 1800–2000 7,880,788 records regional
- Missouri, County Marriage, Naturalization, and Court Records, 1800-1991 ↗ 1800–1991 7,832,143 records regional
- Texas, Marriages, 1966-2010 ↗ 1966–2010 7,606,128 records regional
- Ohio, Death Index, 1908-1932, 1938-1944, and 1958-2007 ↗ 1908–2007 7,601,863 records regional
- New York, State Census, 1905 ↗ 1905–1905 7,547,642 records regional
- Illinois, Cook County Deaths, 1871-1998 ↗ 1871–1998 7,278,194 records regional
- Texas, Death Index, 1903-2000 ↗ 1903–2000 7,255,830 records regional
- Massachusetts, Town Clerk, Vital and Town Records, 1626-2001 ↗ 1626–2001 7,098,182 records regional
- Mississippi, Enumeration of Educable Children, 1850-1892; 1908-1957 ↗ 1850–1957 6,975,680 records regional
- North Carolina, Birth Index, 1800-2000 ↗ 1800–2000 6,957,257 records regional
- California, County Birth and Death Records, 1800-1994 ↗ 1800–1994 6,431,812 records regional
- Vermont, Franklin, St. Albans, Canadian Border Crossings, 1895-1954 ↗ 1895–1954 6,234,950 records regional
- New York, New York City Municipal Deaths, 1795-1949 ↗ 1846–1909 6,209,923 records regional
- Alabama County Marriages, 1711-1992 ↗ 1711–1992 6,049,744 records regional
- Ohio, County Marriages, 1789-2016 ↗ 1789–2016 5,783,466 records regional
- Ohio, Tax Records, 1800-1887 ↗ 1800–1887 5,717,563 records regional
- Indiana, Marriages, 1811-2019 ↗ 1811–2019 5,338,731 records regional
- Florida, Death Index, 1877-1998 ↗ 1877–1998 5,187,074 records regional
- Iowa, Records of Persons Subject to Military Duty, 1862-1910 ↗ 1862–1910 5,075,786 records regional
- Nevada, Marriage Index, 1956-2005 ↗ 1956–2005 5,069,600 records regional
- Tennessee, County Marriages, 1790-1959 ↗ 1790–1959 5,040,109 records regional
- California, Marriage Index, 1960-1985 ↗ 1960–1985 4,879,198 records regional
- New York, State Death Index, 1880-1956 ↗ 1880–1956 4,749,322 records regional
- Texas, County Tax Rolls, 1837-1910 ↗ 1837–1910 4,575,333 records regional
- Texas, Deaths, 1890-1977 ↗ 1890–1977 4,539,443 records regional
- Washington, County Marriages, 1855-2008 ↗ 1855–2008 4,304,071 records regional
- Minnesota, Birth Index, 1935-2002 ↗ 1935–2002 4,267,569 records regional
- Texas, Death Index, 1964-1998 ↗ 1964–1998 4,113,934 records regional
- Ohio, County Births, 1841-2003 ↗ 1841–2003 4,072,188 records regional
- New York, State Census, 1892 ↗ 1892–1915 3,766,269 records regional
- Massachusetts, Suffolk, Boston Crew Lists, 1917-1944 ↗ 1917–1944 3,661,579 records regional
- Pennsylvania, County Marriages, 1775-1991 ↗ 1775–1991 3,628,856 records regional
- Texas, Divorce Index, 1968-2010 ↗ 1968–2010 3,599,262 records regional
- Idaho, Southeast Counties Obituaries, 1864-2007 ↗ 1864–2007 3,561,447 records regional
- Ohio, Deaths, 1908-1953 ↗ 1908–1953 3,537,971 records regional
- California, Divorce Index, 1966-1984 ↗ 1966–1984 3,518,798 records regional
- Illinois, Cook County, Birth Certificates, 1871-1953 ↗ 1871–1953 3,396,836 records regional
- Kentucky, County Marriages, 1786-1965 ↗ 1786–1965 3,382,502 records regional
- California, Great Registers, 1848-1921 ↗ 1848–1921 3,334,121 records regional
- New York, County Naturalization Records, 1791-1980 ↗ 1791–1980 3,332,563 records regional
- Tennessee, State Marriage Index, 1780-2002 ↗ 1780–2002 3,331,394 records regional
- The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Church Census Records (Worldwide), 1914-1960 ↗ 1914–1960 3,267,429 records regional
- Louisiana, Orleans and St. Tammany, Voter Registration Records, 1867-1949 ↗ 1867–1949 3,127,392 records regional
…and 1682 more.